Gold nanoparticles for photothermal and photodynamic therapy

Document Type

Book Chapter

Publication Title

Gold Nanoparticles Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites Science Technology and Applications

Abstract

For centuries, researchers have explored the potential medical applications of colloidal gold. However, recently, the synthesis and assessment of various gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have captured the keen interest of the scientific community. Ongoing investigations have confirmed numerous benefits of nanogold in comparison with other nanomaterials. This is primarily attributed to the highly refined methods used to produce GNPs of diverse sizes and shapes, each endowed with unique properties. Moreover, the capacity to modify the surface of GNPs with various targeting and functional substances greatly expands the scope of their potential applications in biomedicine. Of particular significance is their role in cancer treatment, where they exhibit remarkable efficiency in both photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). GNPs exhibit remarkable photothermal conversion properties, absorbing and converting near-infrared light into localized heat, which can selectively ablate cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy tissues. Moreover, GNPs can serve as efficient photosensitizers in PDT, generating reactive oxygen species upon light irradiation, thereby inducing cytotoxic effects in cancer cells. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the current advancements and strategies in employing GNPs for PTT and PDT in cancer therapy. It discusses the underlying mechanisms of GNPs' interaction with light and their subsequent effects on cancer cells, highlighting the potential for enhanced therapeutic outcomes and reduced side effects. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities associated with the clinical translation of GNP-based therapies are explored, underscoring the need for tailored approaches to optimize treatment efficacy and safety. As the field continues to evolve, harnessing the unique properties of GNPs for PTT and PDT holds immense potential for revolutionizing cancer treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes.

First Page

619

Last Page

685

DOI

10.1016/B978-0-443-15897-1.00002-9

Publication Date

1-1-2024

Link to Full Text

Share

COinS