A numerical approach to understand the role of geometry and mechanical properties on the evolution of tensile fractures in rigid enclaves

Article Type

Research Article

Publication Title

Journal of Earth System Science

Abstract

We investigate the development of systematic, steeply dipping tensile fractures that are restricted within irregularly shaped stiA enclaves embedded in an inBnite rock matrix. We employ numerical models to investigate the inCuence of geometry and mechanical parameters on the formation of restricted tensile fractures within irregularly shaped maBc enclaves of Closepet granite, Eastern Dharwar Craton, India. We apply the Bnite-element method (FEM) to understand stress distributions under varying far-Beld loading circumstances. The Bndings reveal that the shape of the enclave significantly inCuences stress distribution, with tensile stress concentrating on boundary irregularities and driving fracture initiation inside it. The mechanical contrast between the enclaves and the host matrix significantly inCuences stress distribution, thereby determining the susceptibility of fracturing within the enclaves. Notably, the aspect ratio of enclaves has a proportional relationship with fracture susceptibility, highlighting the importance of enclave geometry in controlling fracture initiation. These insights highlight the significant role of mechanical contrasts and geometry in the formation of enclave-restricted fractures. Furthermore, the consistent orientation of fractures inside the enclaves helps us to comment on the far-Beld stress direction, implying their reliability as good paleostress markers.

DOI

10.1007/S12040-025-02576-4

Publication Date

6-1-2025

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