Marine and fluvial sedimentation including erosion and sediment flux in peninsular Indian phanerozoic basins

Article Type

Research Article

Publication Title

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy

Abstract

This review presents a brief appraisal of the present understanding regarding marine and fluvial sedimentation in peninsular India in the background of global tectono-thermal events and relative sea level changes during the Phanerozoic. Sedimentary basins hosting the Phanerozoic deposits of peninsular India can be broadly categorized into two viz. Gondwana related half grabensand Meso-Cenozoic passive margins. Recent investigations document marine incursions in the former category of basins based on careful analysis of trace fossil assemblage and tide- and wave- originated sedimentary structures. The study of continental carbonates in the Upper Gondwana reveals widespread microbially mediated carbonate formation in freshwater systems, while the mud-dominated fluvial deposits in these basins show unique characteristics of the channel to overbank sediment transfer, related to a balance between sediment flux and erosion.The application of sequence stratigraphy provides a high-resolution analysis of passive continental margin sedimentary succession in Kutch, Cauvery and Jaisalmer basins. The origin of authigenic minerals has been integrated with the sequence stratigraphic framework in several Mesozoic and Cenozoic basins. A thorough biostratigraphic investigation reveals different order of sea-level cycles in the sedimentary deposits of Cauvery and Kutch basins and hyperthermal events in the Cenozoic of Kutch. Distinct ichnological assemblages characterize the transgressive and regressive deposits in Kutch and Jaisalmer basins. Quaternary terrestrial sedimentary records provide a high-resolution palaeoclimatic reconstruction.

First Page

351

Last Page

363

DOI

10.16943/ptinsa/2020/49815

Publication Date

3-1-2020

Comments

Open Access, Bronze

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